An exceptional example of extraordinary involvement was evident in the role of KHR As’ad Samsul Arifin with his concept of ‘niat’ (intention). This concept not only encompassed students (santri) but also women, ruffians, champions, and bandits as part of his pioneering force. This vanguard, identified by its black attire and traditional weapons like the machete, dagger, and rattan stick, demonstrated obedience and reverence to Kiai As’ad.
The simple yet profound guidance from Kiai As’ad emphasized that war should be waged with the intention of upholding religion and reclaiming the nation. This concept motivated fighters not merely to pursue worldly power but also to strive for the afterlife with pure intentions.
